To-ji Temple
Admire Japan's tallest five-story pagoda and explore Shingon Buddhism's ancient headquarters
To-ji Temple, officially named Kyo-o-gokoku-ji (Temple for the Defense of the Nation), was founded in 796, shortly after Kyoto became Japan's capital. It served as one of only two officially sanctioned Buddhist temples within the city limits, positioned at the southern entrance to protect the capital spiritually. In 823, Emperor Saga granted the temple to Kukai (also known as Kobo Daishi), founder of Shingon Buddhism, who transformed it into the headquarters of this esoteric Buddhist sect, a role it maintains today.
The temple's five-story pagoda was first constructed in 826 but has been destroyed by fire and rebuilt multiple times, with the current structure dating from 1644. At 54.8 meters tall, it remains Japan's tallest wooden pagoda and has become an iconic symbol of Kyoto, visible from many parts of the city including the Shinkansen platforms at Kyoto Station. The pagoda's architectural harmony and spiritual significance make it one of Japan's most photographed religious structures and a designated National Treasure.
The temple's Kondo (main hall) and Kodo (lecture hall) house remarkable Buddhist statuary collections. The Kodo contains a three-dimensional mandala arrangement of 21 esoteric Buddhist statues, including fierce guardian deities and cosmic Buddhas, representing one of the most important collections of Heian period sculpture. To-ji was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994 as part of the Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto. The temple hosts famous monthly flea markets on the 21st of each month, transforming its grounds into a bustling marketplace with over 1,000 vendors.
Key Highlights
- Japan's tallest wooden pagoda at 54.8 meters (National Treasure, built 1644)
- UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1994
- Three-dimensional mandala arrangement of 21 Buddhist statues in Kodo hall
- Founded in 796, headquarters of Shingon Buddhism since 823
- Monthly Kobo-san flea market on 21st (1,000+ vendors)
- Illuminated pagoda viewing in spring and autumn evenings
- 5-minute walk from Kyoto Station - most accessible UNESCO site
- Beautiful cherry blossoms and autumn foliage framing the pagoda
Access Information
Location
1 Kujo-cho, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8473
Nearest Stations
- • Kyoto Station (JR, Kintetsu, Subway) - 15-minute walk southwest
- • Toji Station (Kintetsu Kyoto Line) - 10-minute walk
Opening Hours
Temple grounds: 5:00 AM - 5:00 PM (free to enter grounds). Kondo & Kodo halls: 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM (March-September), 8:00 AM - 4:30 PM (October-February). Kobo-san Flea Market: 21st of each month from early morning to 4:00 PM (temple grounds free on market days).
Admission Fee
Temple grounds: Free. Kondo & Kodo halls: Adults ¥500, High school students ¥400, Elementary/Junior high ¥300. Special exhibitions (spring/autumn): ¥1,000. Pagoda interior viewing during special periods only (rare). Flea market: Free entry, items priced individually.
How to Get There
From Kyoto Station
Exit Hachijo (south) exit, walk west then south through residential area (15 minutes on foot). Or take bus #16, #19, #42, or #78 to Toji-Higashimon-mae stop (5 min bus + 2 min walk). Pagoda visible from station.
15 minutes
From Osaka
Take JR or Kintetsu to Kyoto Station (30-40 minutes), then walk or bus to temple (10-15 minutes)
45 minutes
From Downtown Kyoto
Take Kintetsu Railway from Shijo Omiya to Toji Station (10 minutes), then walk 10 minutes. Or bus from downtown areas
25 minutes
Tips & Visiting Guide
Make the most of your visit with these helpful tips and guidelines.
Kobo-san Flea Market
Held on 21st of every month from dawn to around 4:00 PM with over 1,000 vendors selling antiques, crafts, food, kimono, ceramics, and miscellaneous items. Arrive early (7:00-9:00 AM) for best selection and cooler weather. January 21st market is largest (Hatsu-Kobo). Bargaining acceptable.
Pagoda Photography
Classic view from temple grounds with pond reflection. Cherry blossoms (late March-early April) and autumn foliage (late November) frame the pagoda beautifully. Evening illuminations in spring and autumn showcase dramatic lighting. Visible from Kyoto Station platforms - great long-distance shot from bullet train.
Seasonal Events & Illuminations
Spring cherry blossom illuminations (late March-early April) and autumn foliage illuminations (mid-October to early December) extend hours to 9:00 PM. Special exhibitions during these periods showcase additional temple treasures. Check website for exact dates which vary annually.
Buddhist Statuary
The Kodo hall's mandala arrangement is extraordinary - 21 statues positioned to represent esoteric Buddhist cosmology. Five Wisdom Kings (fierce protector deities) are particularly impressive. English pamphlets explain the arrangement. Photography prohibited inside halls. Allow 45 minutes for thoughtful viewing.
Best Visiting Times
Early morning (8:00-9:00 AM) for peaceful atmosphere before tour groups. Avoid 21st if not interested in flea market (very crowded). Pagoda exterior always visible for free from grounds. Spring and autumn special exhibitions worth the higher admission if interested in Buddhist art.
Grounds Exploration
Even if not entering the halls, walking the grounds is worthwhile. The pagoda's scale is impressive up close. Multiple sub-temples and gardens within the compound. Koi pond offers classic reflection photos. The grounds are spacious and peaceful despite proximity to Kyoto Station.
Flea Market Shopping Tips
Bring cash - most vendors don't accept cards. Prices range from ¥100 trinkets to ¥100,000+ antiques. Good finds include vintage kimono, ceramics, Buddhist items, and retro toys. Check items carefully. Arrive hungry - food stalls sell takoyaki, yakisoba, and Japanese sweets.
Combination Visits
Easily combine with Kyoto Station area attractions before departure or upon arrival. Walking distance to Higashi Hongan-ji Temple (10 minutes north). Can visit in 1-2 hours as add-on to other Kyoto itineraries. Perfect first or last stop when using Kyoto Station as base.
FAQ
How long should I spend at Toji Temple?
Allow 45-60 minutes to explore the main hall, pagoda grounds, and gardens. If visiting during the monthly flea market (first Sunday and 21st of each month), add 1-2 hours for browsing the extensive market stalls. Photography enthusiasts often spend longer capturing the pagoda from various angles.
Can I go inside the five-story pagoda?
The interior is only open during special viewing periods in spring and autumn. These occasions are announced in advance and attract large crowds. Even when closed, the exterior of Japan's tallest wooden pagoda (55 meters) is impressive. The surrounding grounds offer excellent viewing angles year-round.
What is the Kobo-san flea market?
Held on the 21st of each month (Kobo Daishi's memorial day), this famous market features hundreds of vendors selling antiques, vintage kimono, pottery, plants, street food, and various crafts. It's one of Kyoto's largest and most atmospheric markets. Arrive early (8-9am) for the best selection.
How does the flea market compare to the first Sunday market?
The 21st Kobo-san market is larger and more famous than the first Sunday Gara-kuta market. Both offer similar goods but the 21st market has more vendors and visitors. If you can only attend one, choose the 21st. Both are worth visiting if you enjoy flea markets.
When is the best season to photograph the pagoda?
Spring (late March-early April) when cherry blossoms surround the pagoda creates iconic scenes. Autumn (late November) offers vibrant foliage. Winter provides clear skies with snow-capped mountains in the background. Evening illuminations during cherry and autumn seasons create dramatic night photos.
Are there special illumination events?
Yes, special night illuminations occur during cherry blossom season and autumn foliage periods. The lit pagoda reflected in the pond is spectacular. These events require separate tickets and attract crowds, but the photogenic atmosphere is worth it. Check the official calendar for exact dates.
Is the temple easily visible from the Shinkansen?
Yes, Toji's five-story pagoda is clearly visible from the Shinkansen when arriving or departing Kyoto Station. It's often travelers' first or last Kyoto sight. The temple is just a 15-minute walk from Kyoto Station, making it convenient for those with limited time.
What is the historical significance of Toji?
Founded in 796, Toji Temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Kyoto's oldest temples. It served as the official temple guarding the city's south entrance. The temple is headquarters of Shingon Buddhism's Toji branch. The five-story pagoda has been rebuilt several times, with the current structure dating to 1644.
Are there English explanations available?
English pamphlets are available at the entrance, and major buildings have some English signage. Audio guides may be available for rent. During special openings, English explanations are limited. The visual impact of the pagoda and architecture makes language barriers less significant.
Can I combine this with other activities near Kyoto Station?
Yes, Toji is perfect for combining with Kyoto Station activities. Visit before departing Kyoto or after arriving. The monthly market makes an excellent morning activity before an afternoon train departure. The area has some restaurants and shops, though Kyoto Station offers more dining variety.
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